2Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one important cause of mortality in the world. In the common staging systems of CRC, many biological behaviors of the tumor that determine the prognosis are not defined. Risk stratification is becoming increasingly important in low-stage CRC, because these patients do not undergo adjuvant therapy unless poor prognostic factors such as vascular invasion (VI), perineural invasion (PI) and serosal involvement (SI) are present. Accurate evaluation of these factors in CRC specimens is still challenging. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the detection rate of VI, PI and SI in 180 patients of CRC who underwent surgical resection based on basic pathology reports, review of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides with considering morphologic clues such as “protruding tongue” and “orphan artery” signs, and elastin stain for detection of VI. In addition, the stage of the disease, pT stage, tumor location, tumor type and grade were categorized, separately. We used the Fisher’s exact test for comparing variables between the two groups. P<0. 05 was considered significant. All data analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Overall, the detection rate of VI was significantly increased in review of H&E slides with considering morphologic clues (P=0. 019) and also using elastin stain (P<0. 05) than basic pathology reports, but no significant differences observed in PI (P=0. 118) and SI (P=1. 00) between the first basic pathology reports and review of H&E slides. Also, significant differences observed in VI, PI and SI based on AJCC stage, pT stage and grade of tumor (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Considering the prognostic importance of VI detection in the treatment of patients of CRC, Slide review with attention to the morphologic clues such as “protruding tongue” and “orphan artery” signs and elastin staining could be used for better detection of VI in patients of CRC in routine surgical specimens

Background and Importance: Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) with medular invasion is rare. Case Presentation: We report a case of an 11-months male infant, with no prenatal history of any abnormality, presenting since birth, a mass in the buttock extended to retrorectum associated with a right side hypotonic limb and monoplegia. Medullar and abdominal pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a sacrococcygeal tissue mass and intradural lombosacral invasion with a high level of alpha-fetoprotein. Surgical performed was done successfully with an uneventful follow-up. Conclusion: Although the intradural invasion, those SCT are in major cases mature and present low risk of malignancy or recurrence.

The ancient city of Rayy is a symbol of the social and cultural life of Iran prior to the arrival of the Mongols. The economic, cultural, and social flourishing of this city during the Islamic era led the city to be mentioned under different names, including the Bride of Cities, Om-al-Belad, and Sheykh Al-Belad in some historical sources. “ The Book of Rayy: From Its Origins to the Mongol Invasion an Archaeological and Historiographical Study” is about the latest archaeological studies and the urbanization history of the ancient city of Rayy. The book which is written by Roco Rante with cooperation of Ghadir Afrund, was published by Brill Holand Publications in 2014. This book, which combines archaeological data resulted from two seasons of archaeological excavations in 2006 and 2007 in Rashkan Castle of Rayy with historical texts, provides the readers with valuable information on archeology, history, and urbanization of Rayy in ancient times. However, like any other scientific work, the book has some shortcomings which will be discussed in the present article.

Nowadays, as accepted as the era of information or digital, time has changed and has invited all people to a new world in which everybody must define himself. Avoiding from getting benefit from this human progress is useless; Rather, we must know this great technology best and adapt ourselves with its consequences. In fact, in many countries and among many nations there had been people who at first denied a new technology but afterwards they had to accept it. Those people who predict new comings in science and technology, and plan to use them are more broad-minded. The first step in knowing a new technology is to recognize its challenges. Indeed, there is no scientific progress that has no side effect in using it properly. The motivation for new technology which has changed the picture of the world has been for real progress, amusement, adventure seeking, getting rid from the disasters, benefit making, or other purposes even human depopulation. However, we can divide the challenges of information technology into several subjective areas, but broadly we can divide them into two sections: invasion of waves, and invasion of thoughts. Invasion of waves has been much discussed in these days, especially after the appearance of Corona virus. Many clips were delivered and read out as a consequence of 5G. It is obvious and undeniable that waves affect our cells. I do not want to discuss it more. But what is more important is the invasion of thoughts. When I talk about invasion of thoughts I do not mean the obscene literature about corruption and disbeliefs, but I mean fake news and knowledge on social, cultural and political subjects claimed to be science but they are not. Content production is very important, and if a content is not identical, its owner may selfdeceive in such a way that he may boast that he is a man of knowledge. Some of the impacts of such Pseudoscientific information are as follows: It gives false knowledge, increases hesitation, adds to confusion, reduces the ability to make decisions, and complicates decision-making, and increases suspect and enmity. In such case, one who has plotted will gain. In this situation what is very important is the need for consultation. Men and organization should find some persons or places to receive guidance from them. Although internet is a source of consultations, individuals still need persons or places for help. Public libraries are one of these places for consultation. If we regard them as places for only reading, internet and mobile and other media are rivals for them. Therefore, libraries have to take on other duties in order to be alive. Some of duties that may be taken on by libraries are as follows: Culture and economic education and training for family, community and country, job finding and skill increasing, education and consultation, preparing forum for philosophical debates, hygiene, psychology and psychotherapy and how to use drags, consultation for social disabilities and disorders, creation of useful social networks, partnership in information and knowledge plans, creation of cultural and social contents, outsourcing the tasks of librarians to communities, and mass media especially radio & television, and mainly considering and investigating the conduct and demeanor of library members and others in order to attract them to the libraries.

The purpose of this paper is to study the sociological dimension of cultural invasion which correlated with the dominating and monopolyzing thought rooted in western societies. This kind of thought in association with advanced technology, specially in communication sector is the other feature of cultural imperialism domination. At the present time the military, economic and political invasion is not that much effective compare to cultural one. This kind of invasion create underemployment, unequal exchange and lack of national identity. The core concentration of this paper is to look at the historical background, the causes of cultural invasion and also its consequences upon the whole people specially the young and dynamic generation of Iranian society.

The character of Alexander is a mingling of good and bad features; however, there is a kind of illogical anti- Alexander attitude in the studies of the Shah-nameh which is in contrast with the popularity of Alexander in both oral tradition and formal literature. In the Shah-nameh, Alexander is the son of Darab and a descendant of Iranian kings and is entitled to the crown. His story is narrated in about 2408 couplets in detail. The Shah-nameh episode of Alexander has been interpreted by Noldeke and others as a “face-saving” stratagem aimed at lessening the dishonor of defeat by an alien invader. Although the idea that Iranians may have concocted this story in order to soften the blow of foreign conquest is plausible, this plausibility is not the same thing as proof. A similar story according to which Alexander is the son of an Egyptian king exists in Egyptian versions of the story of Alexander. Since these similar tales existed among two peoples whom Alexander vanquished and then sought to conciliate, it could be equally assumed if these two tales were made up by Alexander’s own propagandists. Alternatively, these tales may have been fabricated by the Greco-Persian and Greco-Egyptian nobilities of the post-conquest societies of Iran and Egypt which sought to bridge the gap between the worlds of their fathers with those of their mothers. All of these scenarios, which are not necessarily mutually exclusive, are plausible. The article discusses these different interpretations by drawing on the known historical details of Alexander’s invasion of Iran.

Simultaneous capillary dominated displacement of the wetting and non-wetting phases are processes of interest in many disciplines including modeling of the penetration of polluting liquids in hydrology or the secondary migration in petroleum reservoir engineering. Percolation models and in particular invasion percolation is well suited to characterize the slow immiscible displacement of two fluids when both the gravity and viscous effects are negligible. In particular, the characteristic of the percolating cluster and the other important percolation properties at the breakthrough can be inferred. However, with the inclusion of the gravity forces, the behavior may change. For example, as the magnitudes of the gravity forces are comparable to the capillary forces, we have observed a transition in the structure of the interface (i.e. invasion front) depending on the dimensionless Bond number (i.e. ratio of gravity to capillary forces).We have taken a numerical study of the displacement of two immiscible fluids in the presence of the gravity force in a network of random pores. The main contribution is to investigate the effect of heterogeneity by considering various throat size distributions. We consider the injection to take place from one side of the system and displace the displaced fluid from the other side. The condition of the stability or instability of the front (or interface) is observed to be dependent on the dimensionless bond number as well as the heterogeneity of the system.